Apple cider vinegar is a popular natural supplement used for many conditions. It is made by fermenting pulverized apples. The breakdown of sugars by bacteria and yeast forms alcohol, and if the alcohol is allowed to ferment further, then vinegar is obtained. The main ingredient of apple cider vinegar is acetic acid. However, apple cider vinegar also has other acids as well as amino acids, mineral salts and vitamins. Apple cider vinegar has many properties, ranging from chemical to medicinal.
Chemical Properties
The chemical makeup of apple cider vinegar is CH3COOH, meaning it has three hydrogen atoms attached to one of the carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, and an oxygen-hydrogen atom attached to each other.
The University of Pittsburgh shows that the pH value, or acidity level, of apple cider vinegar is usually between 2.3 and 2.4. This makes it more acidic than tomato juice but less acidic than lemon juice.
The University of Illinois physics department lists the boiling point of apple cider vinegar as 213 F/100 C and the freezing point as 28 F/-2 C.
Cleaning Properties
The pH of apple cider vinegar makes it a great cleaning agent, as it is strong enough to kill bacteria, but not acidic enough that it damages the surface being cleaned---so much so that it is even safe for use on carpets.
Another benefit of the pH factor in apple cider vinegar is that it quickly breaks down less acidic pet urine, often eliminating the smell and stains without the need for harsh chemicals.
Healing Properties
The pH of apple cider vinegar that makes it good for cleaning also makes it helpful in aiding the human body in healing and staying healthy. The acidity of vinegar kills many forms of bacteria on contact and thus is effective in fighting of infection in such areas as the stomach, mouth and throat.
A 2005 study at Arizona State University showed that apple cider vinegar taken daily improves insensitivity to high carbohydrate meals in persons with type 2 diabetes. But if you do have diabetes, talk to your doctor before using apple cider vinegar, as it contains chromium. Chromium is a mineral that humans require in trace amounts, but it can alter insulin levels in diabetics.
References
- University of Pittsburgh: Vinegar
- Rutgers University: Removing Urine Smell From Furniture
- City University of New York: Acids, Bases and PH
- Pubmed.gov: Vinegar Improves Insulin Sensitivity to a High-Carbohydrate Meal in Subjects With Insulin Resistance or Type 2 Diabetes
- Pubmed.gov: Vinegar: Medicinal Uses and Antiglycemic Effect
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