Latex is the milk found in the rubber tree. Latex allergies actually are responses to the protein content in the milk, rather than the tree itself. The University of California-Berkeley suggests that latex allergy is a relatively common occurrence. On average, 8 to 17 percent of all healthcare workers in the U.S report being allergic to latex products, along with another 1 to 3 percent of the general population.
Function
The American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) defines the proteins found in latex milk as a trigger that sets off a chain (allergic) reaction in sensitive individuals. The body responds to the protein as if it were a foreign invader coming to harm the body. Antibodies known as Immunoglobulin E (IgE) go to work in the fight against this foreign invader using the nose/sinus/throat, respiratory system, ears, gastrointestinal tract and skin.
Diagnosis
An allergy specialist or physician familiar with the disorder typically diagnoses a latex allergy. Many individuals also suffer from accompanying food allergies due to a similar protein compound found in certain foods. The American Latex Allergy Association lists these known cross-reactive foods as banana, kiwi, avocado and chestnut.
Symptoms
The AAAAI reports that allergic reactions to latex vary. People with allergies may react with sneezing, coughing, wheezing, ear ringing, stomach upset and skin rash, to name a few. In the case of anaphylactic shock, the body's reaction to the allergy results in a closed throat and the inability to breathe.
Identification
University of California-Berkeley recommends that people who have latex allergies avoid varieties of disposable gloves, bandages, tubing, syringes, electrode pads, masks, adhesive tape, condoms, dental dams, disposable diapers, certain shoes and sandals, upholstery and most balloons that include latex as an ingredient. Many products can be found in alternative materials that do not cause a reaction.
Prevention/Solution
Methods used to prevent latex allergy are not complicated. The AAAAI suggests that individuals with a latex allergy refrain from coming into contact with or using any product that includes latex as an ingredient. Vinyl and nitrile products can replace the use of latex with equal effectiveness. Condom are available in synthetic and natural skin options. An allergy specialist may also prescribe an antihistamine or an epinephrine/adrenaline pen for anaphylaxis.
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