Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) mainly affects the lower intestinal tract and involves a combination of abdominal pain and diarrhea, or an alternating pattern of these problems. The development of IBS remains unclear and occurs at any age. Although no cure exists for IBS, simple lifestyle changes and remedies provide relief from the symptoms associated with the disorder.
Diet Changes
With IBS, the nerves and muscles located in the bowel are extra-sensitive and contract during a meal. The intestinal contractions cause cramping and diarrhea during or shortly after a meal. Foods don't cause IBS, but certain foods make the symptoms worse. Avoiding problem foods such as chocolate, milk products, foods that are high in fat and caffeinated beverages -- especially ones that include sugar-free sweeteners -- lessen IBS symptoms. Gas causes pain by stretching the bowel, and foods such as beans, cabbage and some fruits promote, and even worsen, gas. Although fiber improves how the intestines work and proves beneficial with constipation, it can make gas and cramping worse. The Mayo Clinic recommends gradually adding foods that contain fiber and increasing the amount over a period of weeks. Keeping a diary for a few weeks of the foods and beverages consumed, and the symptoms occurring with the specific foods, may indicate whether relief from symptoms happens with eating less of the food or eliminating the food item altogether.
Stress Relief
Emotional stress often makes the symptoms of IBS worse. Successful coping strategies often remedy or ease the symptoms of the disorder. Exercise relieves stress and stimulates normal intestinal contractions. Relaxation and meditation improve sleeping habits and reduce anxiety, relieving bowel symptoms. Counseling provides relief in cases of severe anxiety or depression.
Medications
Although no cure exists for IBS, certain medications help manage or lessen symptoms. Antispasmodic medications may reduce pain caused by intestinal cramping. Antidiarrheal medications are used for diarrhea, and laxatives for constipation. Low-dose antidepressants help relieve severe intestinal pain. Tranquilizers or sedatives are used for short periods of time if the symptoms of IBS are worsened by anxiety.
