Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease. According to the National Library of Medicine, ulcerative colitis results from chronic inflammation that destroys the protective lining of cells in the colon and rectum. Ulcers form, causing abdominal pain and diarrhea. Symptoms usually appear by the age of 30. According to the National Library of Medicine, about half of all cases are mild. Still, there is no cure for the disease and medications to treat the symptoms can have harsh side effects. The Mayo Clinic notes, however, that it may be possible to control some symptoms by making lifestyle adjustments.
Dietary Changes
Some foods may further aggravate ulcers. People who cannot digest lactose, the sugar found in foods like cheese and ice cream, may experience diarrhea and gas from those foods. By avoiding dairy or trying an over-the-counter product to aid in the digestion of lactose, individuals may experience relief from symptoms. Although the fiber found in foods like apples is healthy, it may exacerbate symptoms in individuals with ulcerative colitis. The Mayo Clinic recommends steaming or baking high-fiber fruits and vegetables before eating them. Symptoms may also improve by avoiding things like caffeine and soda that can make gas and diarrhea worse and instead drinking more water. Also smaller meals throughout the day tend to be easier to digest than larger meals. Before making any significant changes to the diet, the Mayo Clinic suggests speaking with a dietician or physician.
Supplements
Because nutrients are absorbed better through a healthy colon, individuals suffering from ulcerative colitis often don't get the appropriate amounts of vitamins and minerals. The Mayo Clinic explains that, although multivitamins cannot replace meals, they can supplement lost nutrients due to dietary restrictions and an unhealthy colon. Probiotics--good bacteria that are found in the stomach--may help reduce symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Also, fish oil, a natural anti-inflammatory found in some nuts and fish such as tuna, may have a beneficial effect. A dietician or physician can advise which supplements may benefit individual patients with ulcerative colitis.
Stress Reduction Techniques
The Mayo Clinic notes that stress can aggravate symptoms of ulcerative colitis by decreasing the speed at which food moves through the digestive system and increasing the amount of acids in the stomach. It may even increase inflammation and damage intestinal tissue further. Ways to manage stress include exercise and meditation techniques. Exercise may actually reduce stress levels and improve bowel function. Breathing exercises such as those used in meditation or yoga practices can also help manage stress. Individuals may also benefit from making time for an enjoyable and relaxing activity each day such as taking a bath or listening to music.
