1. Pranayama Defined
Yogis have developed breathing techniques called pranayama over the centuries to tap into desired states of consciousness. Classical yoga schools interpret pranayama to mean breath control. Dividing the word in two, "prana" means life force (breath) and "yama" means "restriction" or "control." This definition makes sense to the classical thought that the body is inferior and needs the spirit to control it. Language buffs may be interested to know that another group believes pranayama is "prana" and "ayama.""Ayama" means "non-control." The idea here is that pranayama breath control is a way of dancing with the divine and higher energy of life.
2. Ujjayi Breathing
Ujjayi breathing is the most popular form of yogic breathing. A sound created in this technique sounds much like "haaaa." The sound is from back in the throat or epiglottis. While sitting in a comfortable place, breathe in deeply and then follow that with a deep exhalation. Now inhale through the nose and constrict the throat so when you exhale you will here a "haaaa" whisper. Try it. Keep the same rate of breathing for each inhale and exhale, breathing smoothly. Pull yourself to your full sitting height. This form of breathing is very soothing to the nervous system and promotes peace of mind and calmness.
3. Nadi Shodhana
Another popular breathing technique is "nadi shodhana." The definition of "nadi" is energy channel and "shodhana" means cleansing. This method is for cleansing the nadis. The three main channels in the body for prana are the sushmna (central), pingala (right) and ida (left). The right and left translate to the right and left nostrils. During the day, there is a shift in emphasis of breathing from one nostril to the other. One nostril is more dominant than the other is at different times during the day.
4. Steps for Nadi Breathing
Another name for "nadi shodhana" breathing is alternate nostril breathing. To do this, start by holding up your right hand with your thumb sticking out. Bend the index and middle fingers in toward your palm, and keep the ring and little finger upright. Now close your left nostril with your ring finger. Inhale through your right nostril fully. Close the right nostril with the thumb and hold. Open your left nostril, exhale and pause. Inhale now through the left nostril, close the left nostril. Open the right nostril and breathe fully through the right nostril. You can repeat this for a few minutes. Finish up by breathing through both nostrils and return to your natural breathing pattern.
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