Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, refers to numerous diseases that affect how a person's body utilizes blood glucose (blood sugar). Treatment for diabetes often entails insulin therapy, medications and lifestyle changes. A nutrient-rich diet may help reduce pain and inflammation associated with diabetes and support overall wellness in people with the condition. Dietary lifestyle changes should be approved and monitored by a qualified doctor or nutritionist for best results.
Chromium
Chromium is a mineral the body requires in small amounts that may enhance insulin function in people with diabetes by making them less sensitive to glucose. Chromium may also lessen blood sugar levels in people with Type 2 diabetes, and reduce necessity for insulin in people with Type 1 diabetes. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, until additional research confirms the safety and effectiveness of chromium supplementation in high doses for people with diabetes, recommended amounts through supplements are a maximum of 200mcg per day. Most Americans attain 50mcg via food sources daily. Food sources of chromium are considered safe means of reaping chromium. They include broccoli, whole grain bread and English muffins, potatoes, dried garlic and basil, turkey breast, apples, bananas and green beans.
Magnesium
Though research findings are mixed, magnesium--a vital mineral--may improve the insulin action and reduce blood sugar levels in people with diabetes, particularly in elderly adults. People with diabetes who have poorly controlled blood sugar may benefit from increased magnesium intake, because the mineral is rid from the body through urine when a person experiences hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). According to the National Institute of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, adults' recommended daily allowance (RDA) of magnesium ranges from 360mcg to 420mcg, and men generally require more than women. Optimum sources of magnesium include halibut, leafy greens, almonds, cashews, whole-grain cold cereal, oatmeal, black-eyed peas, yogurt, brown rice and lentils. People with magnesium deficiency may require nutrient supplementation.
Zinc
The trace mineral zinc holds antioxidant (disease-fighting) properties that may prove helpful for people with diabetes. In addition, zinc deficiency is relatively common among those with diabetes. However, excessive amounts may be detrimental. According to the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University, people with Type 1 diabetes who take 50mg of zinc in supplement form daily may suffer adverse reactions. Unless a doctor prescribes zinc supplementation due to deficiency, zinc can be safely attained through food sources. Valuable food sources of zinc include oysters, crab, beef, pork, dark meat poultry, dairy products, cashews, almonds, peanuts, chickpeas and baked beans.
