Weight loss requires a multifaceted approach that involves exercise, proper sleep and healthy food choices. Sometimes, lifestyle changes do not lead to weight loss or a change in body composition. Certain medical conditions contribute to excess weight gain and the inability to lose it. Left untreated, certain health conditions stall weight loss efforts. Treatment and medical intervention contribute to weight loss.
Hypothyroidism
The thyroid, shaped like a butterfly, is in the front of the neck. The thyroid is one of the endocrine glands, which produces hormones that determine and regulate metabolism. Metabolism refers to the body's ability to convert food into fuel for energy. Hypothyroidism occurs when the gland produces low amounts of hormones, causing fatigue, slow metabolism, weight gain and a sensitivity to cold temperatures. Weight gain, due to hypothyroidism, is not necessarily fat and may be a combination of salt and water retention. If weight gain is the only present symptom, it is probably due to an underactive thyroid., according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA). Hormone treatment restores an underactive thyroid to its proper functioning. Start treatment and expect to lose weight gained because of the condition, typically about 10 percent of body weight, according to ATA. Weight loss may include muscle protein as well as body fat.
Cushing's Syndrome
The adrenal glands produce cortisol, a hormone that regulates stress levels, the cardiovascular system and blood pressure. Cortisol also regulates the metabolism of protein, carbohydrates and fat. Cushing's syndrome occurs when the body overproduces cortisol, causing a fatty hump between the shoulders, a rounded face, purple stretch marks on the body and weight gain, particularly in the abdominal area and upper back. Corticosteroids treat lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, bursitis, joint pain and asthma; the medications can cause Cushing's syndrome. Lowering dosages or switching to a non-corticosteroid medication may reduce weight gain or symptoms pertaining to the condition.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pertains to enlarged ovaries that contain multiple cysts on the outer edges. PCOS is the most common hormonal condition among women of childbearing age, according to Mayo Clinic. The syndrome's direct cause is unknown, but the condition is linked to infrequent ovulation, high production of androgens, or male hormones, elevated insulin levels and heredity. Half of all women who have PCOS are obese, according to Mayo Clinic. Weight gain in the abdominal area is a common symptom of PCOS. While the direct link between weight gain and PCOS has not been established, it is clear that regular activity and healthy food choices encourage weight loss for someone with PCOS; maintaining a healthy weight helps restore normal insulin and androgen levels. Womenshealth.gov recommends that women with PCOS limit intake of processed foods, added sugars and eat whole grains, fruits, vegetables and lean sources of protein.
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