Lupus is an autoimmune disease in which the body's own immune system attacks its own tissues and organs. According to the Mayo Clinic, inflammation form lupus can affect many different body systems, including the joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart and lungs. Lupus symptoms vary and may be temporary or permanent. In general, symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, skin lesions, hair loss, chest pain, anxiety, depression or easy bruising, amongst others. A patient with these symptoms should see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
According to Medline Plus, of the National Institutes of Health, NSAIDs, such as aspirin, Aleve, Advil or Motrin, are usually the first-line treatment in newly diagnosed lupus. While there is no cure for lupus, these medications can reduce symptoms that include headaches, fever, arthritis, pleurisy, or lung inflammation and pericarditis, or heart inflammation. These medications should be taken under close doctor supervision because they may cause damage to the heart, stomach, liver or kidneys. A patient should let his doctor know if he is experiencing heart problems, bloody vomit, bloody stools, dark urine or stomach pain because these may be signs of organ damage from NSAIDs.
Antimalarial Drugs
The Mayo Clinic states that antimalarial drugs, which include hydroxychloroquine, or Plaquenil, may help treat the symptoms of lupus. Researchers do not know how antimalarial medications are useful; however, many studies have shown their effectiveness. A patient taking an antimalarial medication should let his doctor know if he is experiencing possible side effects that include vision problems and muscle weakness. A doctor may adjust the dose of the antimalarial medication, or prescribe a different medication that will not have the same side effects.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids counteract the inflammation caused by lupus. While effective, the Mayo Clinic states, the long-term effects of continuous corticosteroid therapy can be serious. A patient taking corticosteroids should let his doctor know if he experiences weight gain, easy bruising, thinning bones, or high blood pressure. These effects can be avoided if the lowest effective dose is used to treat symptoms. For example, a doctor may recommend taking the drug every other day to reduce side effects. Additionally, the doctor may prescribe an additional medication to counteract the negative side effects of corticosteroid therapy. The Mayo Clinic further states that taking calcium and vitamin D supplements can reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
