Doctors use orthopedic braces to treat, prevent and cure common bone, joint and ligament ailments. Braces come in all shapes and sizes, and some even have complicated hardware designed to help doctors make gradual adjustments or restrict the range of motion in order to prevent further injury. Minor braces are sometimes available in stores, while more complex braces must be prescribed by a doctor.
Knee and Ankle Braces
Used to treat and prevent common knee injuries such as ligament tears and sprains, knee braces envelop the knee and generally restrict motion. Rehabilitative braces restrict the ability of the knee to move in certain directions, depending on the type of rehabilitation necessary based on the injury, according to Rutgers University. Functional knee braces provide general support during physical activity such as sports and provide extra support for individuals who may have limited strength or support in the knee. Patellofemoral braces isolate the kneecap in order to restrict bilateral motion and reduce pain and stress on the kneecap. Ankle braces help treat injuries such as torn Achilles tendons as well as minor ailments such as a sprained ankle.
Neck Braces
Orthopedic neck braces are used as an alternative to neck surgery, as a rehabilitative method after major neck surgery or sometimes to support the neck after major trauma, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. A rigid cervical brace is one type of orthopedic neck brace and is used to completely restrict the ability of the neck to move in any direction. This type of neck brace fits over the shoulders and upper chest and connects to a collar around the lower jaw and back of the head that prevents the wearer from moving the neck. Soft collar braces are commonly used for minor neck injuries such as whiplash, or as a transition from wearing a harder neck brace to wearing no neck brace.
Shoulder and Elbow Braces
Common injuries such as a broken collarbone or broken elbow require the use of a brace for rehabilitation and restriction of motion. Many elbow braces come equipped with adjustable settings that allow the doctor to control and change the allowable range of motion to ease the patient through the rehabilitation process. Doctors may also prescribe a shoulder brace for injuries or rehabilitation, such as in the case of rotator cuff surgery, according to the University of Washington Medical Center. Over-the-counter braces can also help provide support for common and minor sports injuries such as tennis elbow.
