The National Women's Health Information Center characterizes menstruation as a woman's monthly bleeding. Often referred to as a period, it's the body's way of shedding the lining of the uterus after an ovulated egg isn't fertilized. Most women go through regular menstruation every month, which lasts anywhere from three to five days. Along with vaginal bleeding, it isn't uncommon for women to experience other signs and symptoms of menstruation.
Cramps
One of the most common symptoms of menstruation is cramping, according to the Mayo Clinic. These cramps are usually isolated in the lower abdomen and begin at the onset of your menstrual cycle. They can range in intensity from a dull ache to a sharp, shooting pain. They're a result of muscle contractions along the uterine wall to shed the thickened lining.
Breast Tenderness
It's also common for women to experience breast tenderness prior menstruation. The National Woman's Health Information Center explains that hormonal changes can cause the breasts to swell and become sore. You may also experience some bloating due to water retention, indicates TeensHealth.com, a website from the Nemours Foundation, one of the leading pediatric health systems.
Mood Swings
The Mayo Clinic notes that some women experience changes in mood prior to their period. Much like breast tenderness, this is a result of hormonal changes. You may begin to experience sudden swings in mood as well as irritability, anxiety, tension and even anger. Some women also suffer from crying spells and problems with concentration.
Acne
Another consequence of the hormonal changes associated with menstruation is acne, says the Nemours Foundation. The rise and fall of hormones can cause you to suffer from a breakout of pimples. This typically becomes less of a problem as you get older.
Pain
Besides abdominal cramping, some women suffer other aches and pains. These usually affect the joints or muscles prior to menstruation, says the Mayo Clinic. Pain can also manifest within the back as well as translate into periodic headaches.
Appetite and Cravings
It's also common for women to experience food cravings prior to menstruation. These food cravings vary from woman to woman and may involve sweets, savory, salty or even sour foods. Some women can also go through changes in appetite, feeling more or less hungry than normal.
