In "Clinical Nutrition Insights," Joseph L. Mayo, MD, writes that chasteberry contains numerous compounds that help to balance and normalize the female reproductive system. Chasteberry appears to indirectly affect two hormones: progesterone, important for ovulation, menstruation and fertility, and prolactin, known primarily for its role in the production of breast milk.
Premenstrual Syndrome
"American Family Physician" notes that women used chasteberry for menstrual problems for hundreds of years. Today the same holds true. "American Family Physician" says that in clinical trials chasteberry appears to relieve some symptoms associated with PMS. Women reported relief of such PMS-related symptoms as headache, moodiness, swelling, constipation and breast pain.
Irregular Menstruation
Researchers believe that certain causes of irregular menstruation might result from an increased release of prolactin and/or a decreased level of progesterone. Chasteberry decreases the secretion of prolactin and increases progesterone. Accordingly, a European study, cited by the NYU Langone Medical Center, found that chasteberry significantly improved menstruation in a group of 52 women.
Infertility
Due to chasteberry's positive effects on the regulation of menstruation, some researchers further theorize that its properties might enable a healthier internal environment that would encourage fertility. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine concurs, although it stresses the importance of further testing and evidence.
Breast Discomfort
A large study performed at the Institute for Health Care and Science in Hüttenberg, Germany, specifically addressed the discomfort associated with cyclical breast fullness. During this study, women taking chasteberry noted a significant decrease in discomfort due to breast swelling during their premenstrual phase. Researchers consider this study important and cite it often in support of chasteberry's effectiveness for PMS symptoms.
Lactation
In high doses, chasteberry inhibits prolactin and, consequently, the production of breast milk. Scientists continue to test the reverse theory: that low doses of chasteberry could stimulate the production of milk, especially in lactating women. So far, the evidence does not support this theory.
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