During a full eye exam, most eye doctors need to dilate a patient's pupils. This allows him a clear view to see into the back of the eye. The doctor's assistant will put a drop in each eye, and the patient will wait a few minutes before the drops take effect. Some patients do not have a problem with dilation, but other patients have a difficult time functioning with large pupils. Knowing about these effects, and the possible difficulties associated with pupil dilation, may help find a solution before visiting the eye doctor.
Light Sensitivity
A normal pupil will open wide and narrow, constantly adjusting in relation to the amount of brightness in an area. In sunlight, the pupil constricts to minimize the amount of light entering the eye. The eye needs light to function, but too much light causes light sensitivity. Eye dilation causes the pupil to stay wide open for a number of hours, and this may result in light sensitivity until the pupil returns to normal. After the eye exam, patients should wear sunglasses when outdoors, even on a cloudy day. This will reduce glare and light sensitivity.
Blurred Vision
Dilation drops will also paralyze the focusing abilities of the eye, and this causes blurry vision. Most patients have blurry near vision, causing difficulties with reading. However, some patients find the drops cause both their distance and near vision to blur. When the drops wear off, vision will return to normal. In the meantime, patients may have experience difficulties with driving and performing other visual tasks. Patients should bring a friend or family member to drive after eye dilation.
Systemic Reaction
The eye drops used for eye dilation may also cause side effects throughout the body. Some patients have allergic reactions to the drops. The most common reaction patients have to the drops is skin irritation around the eyes. In rare cases, eye dilation may cause an increase in blood pressure or stomach cramps, according to the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of Chicago. With eye dilation, some patients have hallucinations and confusion. If patients have allergies to any medications, they should tell the doctor before eye dilation. Some medications have similar ingredients as the dilation drops, and the doctor may determine if the drops will cause unwanted side effects.
