Asthma is a condition in which the bronchial tubes--those which lead from the windpipe to the lungs--become inflamed and irritated, making it difficult to breathe. Asthma attacks can occur in which the condition is worsened by irritants such as seasonal allergies or dust. According to Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, asthma is the leading, serious, chronic illness among children in the United States. Asthma symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as a respiratory illness or cold; however children with asthma symptoms or those with a family history of asthma should be screened if symptoms persist or get worse.
Frequent Coughing
Toddlers with asthma may cough frequently throughout the day and night. Coughing may be present even in the absence of a known cold or respiratory infection. Asthma causes constriction of the airway which can make a child feel like her lungs are congested or tight. Coughing is a natural reaction to this congested feeling and frequent coughing can indicate a child is trying to clear her airway and breathe better. Children may also complain of chest tightness which does not go away in conjunction with the need to cough frequently, according to the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. A toddler may not be able to communicate well about her symptoms, so watching for physical signs is important.
Trouble Breathing
The airways in kids with asthma can swell and produce sticky mucous during an asthma attack, which narrows the airways and makes it more difficult to breathe, according to KidsHealth.org. Children can feel an inability to take a deep breath as a result. Wheezing may occur, or a musical whistling sound, with breathing as air moves past the irritated airway. Some children experience shortness of breath after playing or with exercise and may notice wheezing increases with activity. Taking a deep breath may be painful or uncomfortable for some children, as well. In between asthma flare-ups, a toddler may have normal, unrestricted breathing.
Difficulty breathing is a serious symptom and warrants immediate medical attention. Toddlers with either known or unknown asthma require medical intervention to boost breathing ability and prevent respiratory failure.
Fatigue
Oxygen received by the brain during breathing is responsible for fueling the body. During an asthma attack, less oxygen can circulate the body as normal breathing becomes more difficult. Children suffering from asthma may tire easily, or experience bouts of fatigue and increased sleepiness. Fatigue is often accompanied with other asthma symptoms such as wheezing or coughing.
