Pregnant teens face more health risks and dangers than older women who become pregnant. As a result, their unborn babies have an increased risk for health complications as well. It is important for sexually active teens to be aware of these potential consequences so that they can make the best decisions possible when it comes to responsible behaviors and potential pregnancy.
Low Birth Weight
Teenage mothers are more likely to give birth to babies with low birth weights, according to a 2007 study published in the "International Journal of Epidemiology." This increased likelihood is due in part to the fact that most low-birth-weight babies are born prematurely and, according to the March of Dimes, teenage mothers have a higher number of premature births. Prematurity is also related to higher levels of infant mortality and serious health problems caused by underdeveloped organs. Health concerns can include bleeding on the brain, as well as respiratory, vision and intestinal problems.
Pregnant girls who do not gain enough weight during pregnancy are also at higher risk for giving birth to babies with low birth weight. According to Health Communities, teenage mothers are less likely than their older counterparts to gain adequate weight during pregnancy.
Poor Prenatal Care
A 2007 "Journal of Epidemiology" study indicates that a majority of teenage girls do not get adequate prenatal care, an essential part of fetal growth and maternal health monitoring. The March of Dimes notes that pregnant teens are at greater risk for pregnancy complications that can include anemia, high blood pressure and premature labor because these conditions are missed owing to the absence of routine prenatal examinations. Health Communities points out that babies born to women who do not receive regular prenatal care are four times more likely to die before their first birthday compared to those whose mothers receive checkups.
Unhealthy Lifestyle
Unhealthy habits, including eating junk food, failure to take prenatal vitamins, drinking, smoking and drug use, risk the health of an unborn child. Health Communities states that teens are more likely than older pregnant women to smoke, eat poorly, drink alcohol, and take drugs during pregnancy.
References
- Health Communities: Teen Pregnancy---Health Risks to the Baby
- "International Journal of Epidemiology": Teenage pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a large population based retrospective cohort study; Xi-Kuan Chen, Shi Wu Wen, Nathalie Fleming, Kitaw Demissie, George G. Rhoads and Mark Walker; January 2007.
- March of Dimes: Teenage Pregnancy
