There are two kinds of bursitis that can affect the hip. There is one bursa located over the greater trochanter bone. This is the bone that can be felt as a bump on the outer hip. When this bursa is involved, the condition is called trochanteric bursitis. The other bursa is located on the inside of the thigh near the groin. When this bursa is affected, it is called iliopsoas bursitis. Bursitis in any area of the body occurs when there is an inflammation of the bursa which are fluid filled sacs that help to cushion the joints. Iliopsoas bursitis is much less common than trochanteric bursitis. However the causes of iliopsoas bursitis in the hip are the same as all other forms of bursitis.
Overuse
Hip bursitis is often the result of an overuse injury, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. This condition is more common in women and middle aged people. Any activities that require constant movement of the hip can overwork the joint and lead to irritation of the bursa. Biking, swimming and climbing stairs are all examples of activities that can stress the hip if done too frequently. Standing, bending at the hips or squatting for long periods can also place excessive force on the hip joint. To help prevent overuse injuries it is best to participate in a variety of activities. Alternate days of biking with walking or another activity that moves the body in a different way. When working change positions frequently to reduce stress on the joint.
Injuries and Structural Changes
If the hip is injured due to a direct blow, fall or when bumping into something the bursa may become inflamed. Other injuries such as tendinitis or bone problems can cause calcium deposits to form which can rub against and irritate the bursa.
Arthritis
According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, the changes that occur in the hip joint due to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and gout can all cause inflammation of the bursa and contribute to bursitis. Having an infection or diabetes, which can also cause a response by the immune system, can lead to inflamed bursa. Controlling the underlying condition with rest, medication and exercise may help to relieve the symptoms.
Spinal Changes
Changes to the spine such as those that occur with scoliosis, arthritis and other conditions can cause pressure on the hip joint and contribute to hip bursitis. As the shape of the spine changes muscles, tendons and ligaments can pull on the hip joint. In addition, if there is a discrepancy in length, such as one tendon being shorter than the other, the ability to walk normally will be affected, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians. Over time this can stress the hip joint and lead to bursitis. Getting an early diagnosis and starting treatment when symptoms first appear may help to prevent bursitis from getting worse or causing disability.
