Herpes zoster, or shingles, is caused by the varicella zoster virus--the virus that causes chicken pox. Herpes zoster causes skin redness, itching, tingling and a painful blistering rash. Several pharmaceutical treatments are available by prescription or over-the-counter, in addition to effective home remedies, that may be used to treat these symptoms.
Anti-viral Medications
Anti-viral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir may be used to treat herpes zoster. According to the National Institutes of Health, these drugs are most effective only when they are administered within 24 hours of the first signs of a developing rash, including tingling, itching, pain or burning. The American Academy of Dermatology notes that individuals whose immune systems are suppressed as a result of age or other illnesses and those who have severe herpes zoster cases--especially those affecting the eyes--are particularly likely to be treated with anti-viral medications.
These drugs may also help treat the symptoms of post-herpetic neuralgia--a condition in which nerve damage caused by herpes zoster leads to chronic symptoms of numbness, tingling or pain even after the blisters and rash heal.
Other Medications
Your physician may prescribe one or more medications to treat the symptoms associated with herpes zoster. Corticosteroids like prednisone are commonly used to reduce pain and inflammation, according to the National Institutes of Health. Other oral medications used to treat pain include oxycodone and other narcotics, anticonvulsant drugs such as gabapentin and tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline, according to the Mayo Clinic. Topical gels, creams, skin patches or sprays such as lidocaine may also numb the skin to provide pain relief.
The National Institutes of Health also reports that creams containing the active ingredient capsaicin may help prevent post-herpetic neuralgia.
Home Remedies and Over-the-Counter Treatments
A number of at-home treatments can ease symptoms of pain and itching. Wet compresses and soothing lotions and baths containing starch, calamine and colloidal oatmeal may provide relief, according to the National Institutes of Health. Other activities that promote relaxation and reduce stress, such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing or even listening to music, may also be effective. According to the Mayo Clinic, over-the-counter pain relievers--including ibuprofen and naproxen--oral antihistamines containing diphenhydramine, and anti-itch creams such as calamine and benadryl are additional recommended treatment alternatives.
