After you decide on a backpacking destination, you still need to do some research before you pack your bags. Seasonal temperatures, weather patterns, available amenities, type of water sources, who to contact in an emergency situation--all of these factors affect your supplies list. Once you have a good idea of what you're getting into, choose supplies that are high-quality and easy to carry.
Basic Gear
Pack a good map, a multi-tool with a sharp knife, a waterproof flashlight and a fire-starting tool, such as a flint-and-steel device, waterproof matches or a lighter. Also, bring a first-aid kit. You never know when you will fall, cut yourself, suffer a burn or injure yourself in some other way.
Shelter and Clothing
If you plan on staying outdoors overnight, a tent or other form of protection from the elements is vital. Choose a tent that works well for the season and regional climate. For example, hot-weather tents have special designs that maximize ventilation. Also, carry clothing that will protect you from inclement weather. For example, ponchos are lightweight and will protect you during heavy rainfall. For hikers, good shoes and fresh socks are especially important. Blisters and wet feet can lead to serious problems, including infection and lameness, so protect your feet at all costs.
Food
Carry enough food to last you the whole trip, but choose the kinds of foods with care. Backpackers require extra energy, especially when hiking through particularly rough terrains. Choose foods that pack plenty of calories and nutrients into a small package. For example, trail mix, granola bars, beef jerky, energy bars and similar foods are easy to carry and are full of calories. Avoid packing foods that could spoil. For meals, dehydrated food products are easy to prepare and lightweight. You can find them online and at camping supplies stores.
Water
Clean water is essential for backpackers, but it is heavy. If you can't carry enough water for your whole trip, buy a water treatment device that will purify the water you find as you hike. Many backcountry water sources contain dangerous bacteria, viruses or parasites, so purchase the highest-quality filter you can. Check the packaging to make sure the filter can handle the particular water-contamination risks present in the region you will visit. In a pinch, you can purify water by bringing it to a rolling boil for one minute, but you will need to bring a metal container to boil it in.
Signaling Device
Pack a signaling device to help rescue teams find you in an emergency situation. A whistle, flare gun, reflector or other signaling device will help, but some backpackers carry a GPS device that broadcasts an emergency signal to alert authorities and help them locate you quickly.
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