Stinging nettle was so named because the tiny hairs on the herb's leaves and stems burn when they touch the skin. But according to the University of Michigan Health system, although there's disagreement as to what properties in stinging nettle make it beneficial for medicinal purposes, in vitro studies indicate that it has a soothing, anti-inflammatory effect. Historically, stinging nettle has been used since the time of the ancient Greeks for tuberculosis, coughs, arthritis and hair growth.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
According to the University of Michigan Health System, there's evidence to suggest that stinging nettle is useful for benign prostatic hyperplasia, a medical condition that causes the prostate gland to enlarge. The University of Maryland Medical Center notes that stinging nettle is commonly used in Europe to treat this condition, and results of existing research indicate that it can be beneficial for BPH when used along with other herbs, such as saw palmetto. However, the UMMC goes on to state that unlike prescription drugs, stinging nettle does not reduce the size of the prostate. It can, however, increase urinary flow, decrease post-urination dripping and reduce the need to constantly urinate.
Hay Fever
Stinging nettle may be suggested to decrease symptoms of hay fever, such as itching and sneezing. The UMMC states that stinging nettle may block the release of histamines; some doctors may even advise patients to use freeze-dried stinging nettle capsules as a natural antihistamine. However, only one study has been conducted on humans to assess the herb for this purpose. More clinical studies are needed.
Arthritis
Topical use of stinging nettle dates back to its historic applications, according to the University of Michigan Health System, when this plant was used to treat pain associated with arthritis and sore muscles. Stinging nettle appears to produce a rash that may either have a numbing or painful effect that lasts for up to 24 hours. Again, more clinical studies are needed to determine if stinging nettle is beneficial for arthritis and related conditions.
Other Uses
Stinging nettle was used for purposes unrelated to medicine, according to Gardenwise. Nettles were grown in northern Europe to make fishnets and other types of cloth, and up until the 19th century, they were used in Scotland to make scotchcloth. Stinging nettle is a homely, weedlike plant, but gardeners often use it as a companion plant, and sometimes in compost, to grow healthier vegetables. Stinging nettle can also be eaten as a vegetable when its leaves are young and tender.
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