Ampicillin is a prescription antibiotic classified as a penicillin. It treats bacterial infections that can invade many parts of the body including the ear, lungs, brain and heart. Some of the infections produced by these bacteria are pneumonia, meningitis, ear infections and urinary tract infections. Ampicillin prevents the formation of bacteria on the cell wall; that bacteria could eventually kills the cell. Like all medications, ampicillin may produce many side effects that cause discomfort and impede normal daily functions. A health care provider may have information on these side effects and what action can be taken.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a common side effect seen with the administration of ampicillin. Probiotics, which are minute healthy organisms, may be able to prevent or treat diarrhea caused by antibiotics. Some brands of yogurt include probiotics in their products, and over-the-counter products contain probiotics in the form of a capsule. Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Saccharomyces boulardii are some of the probiotics available in capsule form that may able to help; the patient should ask a physician or pharmacist which of these products would be best. Drinking plenty of fluids and avoiding large, fatty meals may also alleviate this bothersome side effect. If diarrhea becomes worse or if the patient has bloody stools, he should obtain medical care right away.
Nausea and Vomiting
According to the "Drug Information Handbook," nausea and vomiting are two common side effects that patients on ampicillin experience. Chewing gum or sucking on hard candy can provide relief. Eating small, frequent meals may alleviate these undesired side effects, as well. If these side effects become persistent and bothersome, the patient should consult a physician for further help. If the side effects worsen, she should receive medical attention immediately.
Rash
Rash is a side effect that can occur in users of ampicillin. The rash presents as a change in the appearance and texture of the skin that may be found on one part of the body or the entire body. Hives may also appear on the skin in the form of red, itchy bumps. If a patient develops a rash or hives, he should see a health care professional right away. The "Drug Information Handbook" explains that a rash or hives should be carefully evaluated to differentiate a nonallergic ampicillin rash from an allergic reaction. In the case of an allergic reaction, the physician will discontinue the medication and prescribe an antibiotic in a different class.
Fever
Individuals may experience fever while taking ampicillin. This does not indicate a harmful effect or overdose. A fever-reducer, such as Tylenol, may be able to relieve this side effect. If the fever does not diminish with medication and becomes persistent, the patient should seek medication care immediately.
Inflammation of the Tongue
Ampicillin may produce redness or inflammation of the tongue. The solution treatment for ampicillin may cause a darkening of the tongue. These side effects do not indicate toxicity or harmful effects and will go away when the drug regimen is complete.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook 15th Edition"; Lacy, Charles F., Armstrong, Lora L., et al; 2007
- Drug Information Online: Ampicillin Side Effects
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