General anesthetics cause unconsciousness in a person before surgery and to continue this unconscious state during the procedure. Sometimes during procedures such as labor and delivery, physicians give general anesthetics in small doses to relieve anxiety without causing full loss of consciousness in the patient. Doctors and dentists may use general anesthetics either intravenously or by inhalation in their offices to achieve the same type of effect.
Thiopental Sodium
The anesthetic medication generically named thiopental sodium is marketed within the United States under the brand name of Pentothal. Listed under the classification of barbiturates, physicians use thiopental sodium for people who suffer from disorders that induce seizures. It works by controlling the convulsions while depressing the central nervous system. It causes sleep or mild sedation, depending on the dosing of this anesthetic. This medication can also treat certain mental disorders. People suffering from ischemia, a low blood supply in brain and hypoxia, a low oxygen supply in brain, are candidates for this medication. Common side effects of this anesthetic medication include dizziness, clumsiness and lightheadedness.
Propofol
The anesthetic medication generically named propofol is sold in the United States under the brand name Diprivan. Medical professionals use it to maintain a state of unconsciousness during procedures such as tests and surgeries. Physicians also use it for patients in intensive care to help alleviate potential stress. This medication is considered a general anesthetic, but Drugs.com reports medical researchers remain uncertain about how it functions. Common side effects associated with this anesthetic include drowsiness, dizziness and incoordination. This medication may also cause changes in emotions or a person's moods.
Etomidate
The drug generically named etomidate, is marketed as Amidate in the United States, and used during short-duration surgeries to provide a state of unconsciousness. Etomidate is classified as a hypnotic agent. Drugs.com states, that the exact way that this medication works to produce a state of unconsciousness remains unknown. Common side effects may include drowsiness, nausea, hiccups, uncontrolled muscle movements and vomiting. It may also cause brief pain in the veins.
