Dual diagnosis refers to people who are suffering from a mental illness as well as being a substance abuser. Drug Rehab reports that about half of people with a mental disorder use alcohol or drugs as well. Being dually diagnosed is essential to getting the right treatment for both problems.
Common
Several mental illnesses typically present when substance abuse is an issue. Psychosis is a symptom that can often be masked with drugs or alcohol. Schizophrenia is the most diagnosed psychotic disorder. Mood disorders are also diagnosed with substance abuse. These include depression and bipolar. Anxiety and phobias can also be present when drugs and alcohol are used.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing dual disorders can often be difficult because substance abuse can cover up or mimic the symptoms of mental illness. Usually a person will show signs of a mental disorder first and use drugs or alcohol because it can help their emotions feel more stable. Because of this, these people will continue to use the substance until they are addicted.
Treatment
The first step is to detoxify the patient so that an accurate picture of their mental symptoms can be seen. After that the patient is then treated for the addiction and the mental disorder together. Therapy helps them refrain from substance abuse while treating their mental illness. Many people will benefit from individual therapy as well as talk or group therapy. In addition, Alcoholics Anonymous can help these patients learn to stay away from substances they have problems with. Finally, most patients will also be prescribed medication that can treat the symptoms of both diagnoses.
Prognosis
While mental illness are not curable, effective and continuing treatment can make living life easier for the patient. With recovery from substance abuse comes the high risk of relapse. With proper treatment, this becomes less likely. Those with a lot of support have the best chance of avoiding a relapse and living individually while also controlling the symptoms of the mental illness.
Problems
Many unique problems occur when there is a dual diagnosis. The behaviors that are exhibited when a person is using drugs or alcohol can make it hard to determine if a mental illness is present and which one it is. Substance abuse and subsequent withdrawal can also present symptoms that can confuse the treatment leading to a misdiagnosis. If left untreated the substance abuse and mental illness can exacerbate each other. Intervention is necessary to treat both issues effectively.
