Effexor is an antidepressant, approved for the treatment of depression, general anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Effexor is now available as a generic medication in an immediate-release, twice-daily formula. Wyeth Pharmaceuticals introduced one-a-day time-release Effexor XR capsules in 2008. The active ingredient, venlafaxine, remains the same but some of the inactive ingredients have changed.
Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
Venlafaxine hydrochloride is the active ingredient. Wyeth states it is a "white to off-white crystalline solid" and is gradually released through the capsule membrane. It's available in dosages of 37.5 mg, 75 mg, and 150 mg. Venlafaxine increases neurotransmitter activity in the central nervous system, and is a seratonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It's classed an an SNRI, or selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and regulates the chemicals in the brain that affect and regulate mood. Venlafaxine is metabolized in the liver, and the waste product is excreted through the kidneys in urine. It can be taken with or without food, although it causes loss of appetite and nausea in about 10 percent of patients. You may not get the full effect of Effexor for 6 to 8 weeks.
Cellulose, Ethylcellulose and Gelatin
Cellulose and ethylcellulose are two inactive ingredients forming the thin film coating the capsule. They allow the slow release of the active ingredient venlafaxine into the system and help keep the product stable. They are tasteless, odorless substances. Gelatin is also used as an ingredient in the capsule coating. It's a collagen developed from the bones, hide and skin of animals such as cattle.
Hypromellose and Iron Oxide
Hypromellose, or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, is a thickening and wetting agent, and used as a carrier for time-released medications such as Effexor XR. Effexor XR contains iron oxide, which carries venlafaxine through the body as well. Iron oxide is also used as an inert coloring agent, giving Effexor capsules their red and pink coloring.
Titanium Dioxide
Titanium dioxide is a natural mineral compound. Ground into a very fine powder called nanoparticles, it's used for many applications, including as a binder for medications, vitamins and supplements.
