Bunions occur when the big toe turns inward toward the second toe, causing a bump on the outside joint of the foot. Over time, the big toe begins to crowd the other toes. Because the outer joint begins to protrude outside the foot profile, it causes pain and discomfort. This pain increases when wearing shoes that are ill-fitting or tight. Treatments for bunion pain can typically be done at home.
Pain Relievers
For patients experiencing pain associated with their bunions, a doctor may prescribe a pain reliever to ease pain and discomfort. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) is the best option for pain given its low risk following prolonged use. Ibuprofen, naproxen and aspirin are commonly available NSAIDs that are available for purchase over-the-counter in most pharmacies and grocery stores.
Footwear Adjustments
Bunion sufferers should opt for shoes that have a wider toe area, so that toes are not crowded in shoes. They should avoid shoes that are tight and uncomfortable. A variety of shoe inserts can be purchased commercially to increase the level of comfort in shoes. These inserts help to hold the foot in place, preventing the crowding of toes, which can cause pain. If a bunion sufferer visits their physician, the physician may recommend taping or padding the foot to relieve pain and decrease pressure on the other toes. Although fashionable, it is recommended for women with bunions to avoid shoes with heels more than 2 1/4-inches high.
Cold Compresses
A cold compress or an ice pack can be applied to bunions to reduce inflammation and relieve pain. An ice pack can be purchased at a pharmacy and should be stored in the refrigerator or freezer. A simple cold compress can be made by placing ice in a plastic bag. Tie a knot in the plastic bag to secure ice inside. Wrap the compress in a clean, dry towel. Apply the cold compress, or ice pack, to the bunion for 10 to 15 minutes or until pain subsides.
Surgery
Surgery is reserved for severe cases of bunions and is typically not required to treat bunion pain. If bunions continue to worsen, or if the patient opts for permanent treatment, bunion surgery can be performed. There are a variety of methods used to remove the bunion and correct the alignment of the foot, which subsequently eliminate the occurrence of bunion pain.
