Some people have bad days, feeling as if they are depressed. Some people have bad days all the time, and actually suffer from depression. The difference between the two is the length and severity of the symptoms. And just as depression has a number of symptoms, it also has a combination of contributing factors--factors beyond a person's control.
Chemical Imbalance
The brain relies on a variety of neurotransmitters--or chemical messengers--to relay electrical signals between the cells of the brain. The most common messengers include serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. When out of balance, depression may result. The National Alliance on Mental Illness supports this theory, stating that antidepressants help those suffering from depression by restoring balance to these chemicals, thus relieving the symptoms of this illness.
Biological Factors
Depression may run in some families, which may be due to a difference in genetic makeup. This appears to be more prevalent in those with bipolar disorder, and in some cases, people with major depression, according to Psychology Information Online. The site adds that while biological factors may play a role, it can occur in those with no biological connection.
Gender
Depression can occur at any time, in any one, regardless of age, social or economic status. University Health Services Tang Center at Berkeley states that nearly 12 million American women receive a diagnosis of depression each year vs. the 7 million men who receive the same diagnosis.
The exact reason behind this gender difference is not known, however the University speculates, stating men may be less likely to recognize, and receive treatment for, this illness. Hormones may play a role as well, as the changes women experience--especially during menstrual cycles, pregnancy and and menopause--can cause depression to strike.
Negativity
A negative or pessimistic attitude towards one's self or the world is a factor of depression. This includes people who--as children--grew up knowing discouragement rather than encouragement. Ultimately this leads to low self-esteem and negative behavior, increasing the chances of a person suffering from depression.
Early Trauma
Trauma occurring in early childhood, such as some type of abuse or the death of a loved one, can lead to permanent changes in the brain. These changes can make a person more susceptible to depression, according to the Mayo Clinic.
