According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, acne is a skin condition that causes inflammation, clogged pores, blackheads and pimples. Acne can be difficult to treat with over-the-counter medications. However, there are several excellent medications available for the treatment of acne.
Retinoids
Retinoids are medications derived from vitamin A, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. These medications work by helping to unclog the skin's pores and reduce inflammation. Examples of retinoids include Retin-A, Differin and Tazorac. Retinoids are applied topically to the skin at night. Some side effects to the medication include skin redness, peeling and sensitivity to light. Retinoids may also increase a person's risk of sunburn. In addition, retinoids should never be used by pregnant women because it can cause problems with fetal development.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics are very important in the treatment of acne. Acne is caused by bacteria on the skin. To treat stubborn acne or acne that is deep under the skin, such as cystic acne, an antibiotic treatment may be required. Antibiotics help to kill the bacteria on the skin and slow the growth of new bacteria. The University of Maryland Medical Center states that some commonly prescribed oral antibiotics include doxycycline, minocycline and tetracycline. However, a word of caution: pregnant women and children under nine should never take these particular antibiotics.
Accutane
In cases of severe acne, accutane or isotretinoin may be prescribed by a physician for the treatment of acne. Accutane is an oral medication usually prescribed when other medications fail to treat the acne. Accutane helps to reduce the size of the sebaceous glands, as noted by the University of Chicago Medical Center. These glands produce oil on the skin which can lead to increased skin cell sloughing and cause hair follicles to become clogged, causing acne. According to the University of Chicago Medical Center, accutane helps to clear up acne in about 85 percent of cases. As with all the medications listed, accutane should never be taken by pregnant women or women considering pregnancy because it can cause birth defects.
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