Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition characterized by the thyroid gland's inability to produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormone. The thyroid releases hormones that are responsible for many aspects of normal metabolism. A lack of thyroid hormone in patients with hypothyroidism will cause many symptoms of abnormal metabolism. Hypothyroidism is also called autoimmune thyroiditis or Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Fatigue and Muscle Pain
Early signs of hypothyroidism include fatigue and pain in the muscles and joints, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Thyroid hormone is an integral component in the processes that provide the body with energy. Without adequate amounts of thyroid hormone, a person begins to feel sluggish. Muscles that are deprived of energy start to ache and become weak. The person's joints may also become tender and swollen. These symptoms are easy to ignore, and often attributed to signs of aging or temporary lethargy. However, anyone experiencing chronic fatigue and muscle pain should seek a physician's advice.
Increased Sensitivity to Cold
One of the more common symptoms of hypothyroidism is sensitivity to cold, reports the Mayo Clinic. Thyroid hormone aids in the regulation of body temperature, especially in cold weather. Without normal hormone levels, a person is unable to tolerate cold temperatures. An individual with hypothyroidism may complain of feeling cold even when the outside environment is not very cold, and may tend to wear winter clothing even in warm weather.
Constipation and Weight Gain
Constipation and weight gain are two of the early signs of hypothyroidism, according to Medline Plus. The disease prevents the proper formation and movement of stool. This can lead to severe bouts of constipation.
Weight gain associated with hypothyroidism occurs even if a person is trying to lose weight. The weight gain occurs for reasons the person is unable to explain. Without thyroid hormone, metabolism is abnormal, which leads to excess fat. This weight gain will be present as long as the underlying thyroid problem is not treated.
Skin and Nail Changes
People often complain of numerous skin and nail changes while suffering from hypothyroidism, reports the University of Maryland Medical Center. The skin becomes pale, dry and coarse. Hair is rough and begins to fall out. Normally healthy nails become brittle, and break. Some people even complain of decreased sweating. These symptoms are all found in long-term, untreated cases of hypothyroidism.
Goiter
A person with hypothyroidism may develop an enlarged nodule at the middle of the throat. This is called a goiter. Goiters can be found in many different types of thyroid disease, but occur in hypothyroidism due to excessive stimulation of the thyroid gland. The goiter is a swelling of the tissues of the thyroid. The swelling can become so severe that the growth can be seen protruding from the middle of the throat.
