Human papilloma virus, or HPV, is the most common sexually transmitted disease, states the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There are more than 40 subtypes of HPV that can cause an infection of the genital area, mouth and throat. The symptoms of HPV can be mild to nonexistent, and many patients do not realize they have the infection. If symptoms do develop, patients must recognize the disease and seek prompt medical treatment.
Warts
Warts caused by the human papilloma virus are usually found in the genital area but may also develop on the lips, tongue or throat, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. These genital warts can be flat or raised and are commonly flesh-colored. The warts look like small, uneven growths that may resemble cauliflowers. Oftentimes, the warts can only be viewed under a microscope. In women, the warts appear inside or near the vagina, cervix or anus. Males typically develop HPV warts on the penis, groin, thighs, anus and scrotum.
Genital Irritation
The human papilloma virus can affect the skin in the genital area, reports the University of Maryland Medical Center. Men can experience itching of the penis, anus or scrotum. Women can have itching around the vulva, anus and thighs. The areas where the HPV warts develop can become moist. These symptoms are rare but can aid in the diagnosis of HPV.
Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is one of the most common conditions associated with human papilloma virus infection, reports the Mayo Clinic. HPV infections that last more than two years have a higher risk of causing cervical cancer. This cancer is almost always caused by HPV and is most closely linked to HPV types 16 and 18. The symptoms of cervical cancer include heavy menstrual bleeding, bleeding or spotting between periods and other kinds of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Patients with cervical cancer should also be treated for the underlying HPV infection.
Other Cancers
Many other cancers have been related to an infection with the human papilloma virus, according to the Centers for Disease Control. The cancers that may be caused by HPV are cancers of the vulva, penis, vagina, anus, head and neck. These cancers are usually found in the later stages of their disease progression. Once again, if these cancers develop, the patient should be tested for an HPV infection.
