A clear, smooth complexion is an important aspect of looking your best. Many over-the-counter facial scrubs contain active ingredients that are designed to exfoliate the skin and promote the growth of new skin cells. Exfoliation, or removing dead cells from your skin's surface, clears away acne and blemishes and gives your skin a healthy glow.
Salicylic Acid
Salicylic acid is a common ingredient in facial scrubs designed to fight acne. In over-the-counter products, it is available in concentrations between one half of one percent to 2 percent, according to the Mayo Clinic. Salicylic acid can cause irritation and stinging, especially at first. Always wear sunscreen on exposed skin when using products that contain salicylic acid.
Ground Walnut Shells
Ground walnut shells are included in facial scrubs designed to physically remove dead skin. The walnut shell compound in these facial scrubs serves as an abrasive to dislodge surface pimples and blackheads. Overuse of abrasive facial scrubs can cause inflammation and damage to the skin, according to skin care expert Ling Chan, quoted in "Essence."
Silica
Silica is related to the sand you find on the beach. Like ground walnut shell powder, silica is included in facial scrubs as an abrasive to physically remove dead skin. However, silica produces a finer grade scrub than ground walnut shells and can be less irritating to the skin.
Alpha Hydroxy Acid
Alpha hydroxy acid chemically exfoliates the skin by peeling away dead skin cells from the surface, according to the Food and Drug Administration. This causes the skin to "shed" and activates the production of new skin cells. This process can reduce the visible signs of aging as well as producing a more even skin tone. Over-the-counter products usually contain a concentration of 10 percent or less of alpha hydroxy acids. Alpha hydroxy acid increases skin sensitivity so you should always wear sunscreen on exposed skin.
Sea Salt
Salt scrubs are used to "slough" off dead skin before bathing or showering. Commercial products are available, or you can prepare your own salt scrub at home using sea salt, or mineral-rich salt from the Dead Sea. Mix one cup sea salt with half a cup jojoba oil or almond oil, and five to 15 drops of an essential oil of your choice. This mixture should produce enough scrub to cover your entire body, including your face, for three treatments, according to Salt Works.
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