If you feel tooth pain upon taking that first bite of food or sip of a drink, chances are you have sensitive teeth. Problems such as cavities, fractured teeth and untreated periodontal disease can be the underlying cause of tooth sensitivity. Many people, however, suffer from a mild and chronic tooth sensitivity caused by gum erosion, loss of tooth enamel and even tooth whitening products.
Symptoms
Symptoms of sensitive teeth include discomfort when you chew or drink hot or cold liquids or foods. You may feel twinges of pain as you floss or brush your teeth, or when you breathe through your mouth. An ordinary dental exam or procedure can prompt pain in a person with sensitive teeth.
Causes
The tooth's dentin, a porous tissue, is normally protected by a layer of hard enamel. Dentin is filled with microscopic holes that are connected to nerves, so if a nerve becomes exposed, it can trigger pain. The two leading causes of sensitive teeth, according to the Crest.com website, are loss of enamel and gingival (gum) recession, both of which expose the dentin. Aggravating factors include brushing the teeth too hard, which can gradually cause root exposure and gum recession, and eating acidic foods and beverages, which over time contribute to erosion of the tooth's enamel.
Whitening and Sensitivity
One study showed that mild tooth sensitivity occurs in about half the people who used a home teeth whitening product, according to the Journal of the American Dental Association. Some experience moderate or severe sensitivity, particularly those people with gum recession. If you already have problems with sensitive teeth, talk to your dentist before using any whitening products.
Home Treatment
One of the easiest solutions for sensitive teeth is to use a toothpaste specially formulated to block the sensation traveling from the surface of the teeth to the nerves. If your dentist recommends the use of such a toothpaste, keep in mind that it usually requires several applications before you will notice a difference, and it must be used regularly. The American Dental Association recommends that you look for toothpaste brands that have earned the ADA Seal of Approval.
In-Office Treatment
If using a special toothpaste does not adequately control pain from sensitive teeth, your dentist may suggest some in-office procedures. Applying a special fluoride gel to sensitive areas can strengthen the enamel and help block pain. For sensitive spots that are caused by exposed gum, the dentist can apply a plastic sealer to the tooth's root. Severe cases may require endodontic treatment, or root canal therapy.
