Occasional irritation from muscle and joint soreness occurs in most people now and then. Pain, aching and soreness may develop anywhere in the body or localize depending on the source. Localized soreness often results from stress and overuse of the area due to physical activity. The Mayo Clinic indicates that systematic pain which is felt throughout the body likely results from a more serious condition requiring medical evaluation.
Cramps and Sprains
Involuntary contraction of one or more muscles results in a cramp which can cause intense pain and soreness. Cramps often precede strenuous physical activity in which the muscles become overused and dehydrated. MayoClinic.com explains that cramps develop due to inadequate blood supply or nerve compression. Sprains cause long-term soreness of the muscles and joints. Injury to the ligaments around the joint occur when the ligament stretches too far or tears. The National Library of Medicine recommends applying ice immediately when a sprain occurs to reduce swelling.
Bursitis
A painful joint condition called bursitis occurs when the fluid-filled sac between the tendons and skin becomes inflamed. Bursitis often results from overuse or trauma to the affected area. Common areas exposed to repetitive motion include the shoulders, elbows and knees. The Mayo Clinic indicates that risk for bursitis increases in occupations involving repeated motion or pressure on the joints such as carpeting laying and tile setting. Simple ways to prevent or reduce joint soreness from bursitis include cushioning the area of use and relieving pressure by walking around and stretching.
Fibromyalgia
Unexplained widespread pain in the muscles, ligaments and tendons characterize a condition called fibromyalgia. The National Library of Medicine asserts that the soreness experienced from fibromyalgia may result from abnormal pain transmission response in the individual experiencing symptoms. The cause of fibromyalgia remains a mystery, however. Treatment focuses on medication for the aches as well as physical therapy and counseling support.
Autoimmune Disease
Autoimmune diseases such as arthritis causes inflammation of the joints and muscle soreness. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are the most commonly diagnosed types of arthritis. MayoClinic.com refers to joint damage as the potential cause of this disease. Joint damage for osteoarthritis occurs from damaged cartilage whereas rheumatoid arthritis results from the immune system attacking the joints. Arthritis treatment focuses on symptom relief through use of medications.
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