Approximately 10 percent of the U.S. population may be have pet allergies, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, and 20 percent to 30 percent of people with asthma are allergic to animals. A pet allergy occurs in people whose immune system recognizes proteins from pet dander as a threat to the body, says the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. The actual hair or fur of the animal doesn't cause the allergic reaction, but the animal's secretions and dander on the hair or fur. The best remedies for pet allergies are staying away from pets, implementing lifestyle changes, and using over-the-counter, or OTC, drugs.
Avoiding Pets
The Mayo Clinic says that the best remedy for pet allergies is staying away from pets. Avoiding direct contact with pets decreases the possibility of an allergic reaction to the dander. A person with a pet allergy who owns a pet should create a specific living space for the animal such as a room or a basement. The animal should remain in that room and not roam the house. Pet hair and fur can get caught on sofas, carpet and bedding, causing continuous irritation. A person who does not own a pet but comes into contact with one should wash his hands immediately, shower and wash his clothing.
Changing Lifestyle
A pet owner should use HEPA, or high-efficiency particulate air, filters in vacuums, central heating and air conditioning, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. When cleaning the house, a person should wear a face mask, especially when dusting or vacuuming, as these activities can spread the pet dander and cause it to become airborne. If a person has carpet, she should consider removing it and replacing it with hard, nonporous material such as tile or hardwood. Also, a pet owner should wash the animal at least once a week to minimize the dander buildup.
Using Medication
The Mayo Clinic recommends using OTC antihistamines, corticosteroids and decongestants to treat a pet allergy. Antihistamines prevent the immune system from secreting chemicals that cause allergy symptoms such as eye irritation, nasal issues and skin rash. Corticosteroids are only available in OTC creams to treat skin reactions to pets. A person can get nasal corticosteroids to prevent nasal allergies with a doctor's prescription. Decongestants treat nasal inflammation responsible for congestion and sinus pressure. But a person should talk to his doctor before using any OTC drugs.
