H1N1 influenza first surfaced in 2009 and became a worldwide pandemic in just a few weeks. Many people refer to this flu as the "swine flu." H1N1 influenza is still present around the globe, and some health officials fear it will re-emerge during the 2010 flu season. Many steps can be taken to assist in the prevention of acquired H1N1 influenza.
H1N1 Influenza Vaccination
H1N1 influenza vaccines are highly effective at protecting against this dangerous virus. Physicians are able to make recommendations on proper vaccination times for upcoming flu seasons and which method of vaccination---intramuscular or intranasal---are best suited for each individual patient.
Covering Coughs and Sneezes
Coughs and sneezes should be covered by tissues to be thrown away immediately after each use. If tissues are unavailable, coughing or sneezing into the crook of the arm will help prevent the spread of infected droplets via air currents. Hands should be washed immediately after coughing or sneezing.
Proper Hand Washing
Hand washing is one of the most vital elements to preventing any strain of infection. One should wash their hands with soap and water for 30 seconds while taking extra care to clean underneath nail beds and between the fingers. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are also highly effective against H1N1 influenza. When using a hand sanitizer, rub a small amount of the solution onto your hands and rub them together for 30 seconds while cleaning nail beds and between fingers. Hand sanitizers should not be used to replace soap and water, but only in their absence.
Avoid Crowded Areas
Crowded areas should be avoided during times of high H1N1 infection. People may be infected with the virus for up to two days before any symptoms are shown, and they are infectious during this time. Public restrooms and water fountains can carry the virus for several hours, and it is easily transmitted after direct contact with the H1N1 virus.
Avoid Touching Face
The eyes, ears, nose and mouth are all direct entries into the body. If the H1N1 virus is present on the hands, it can spread into the body after your hands or fingers have direct contact with the face. Additionally, the skin is the first barrier of defense against infection. Avoid touching any areas of broken or damaged skin for the same reason.
Practice Good Health and Hygiene Habits
Maintaining optimal health is an important step to preventing contraction of H1N1 influenza. Everyone should strive to get eight hours of sleep each night and eat a well-balanced diet to boost the immune system. Maintaining proper hydration by drinking at least 64 oz. of water per day will assist biological functions. Showering each day and washing your hands often will decrease chances of contracting this virus if it is present on the skin.
References
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 2009 H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) and You
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Interim Guidance on Infection Control Measures for 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Health Care Settings, Including Protection of Health Care Personnel
- University of Maryland Medical Center: H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) Information
- MedlinePlus: H1N1 (Swine) Influenza
- World Health Organization: What Can I Do?
