Wooden boat construction is a project that can be undertaken by professional boat builders or reasonably skilled hobbyist woodworkers. Small wooden vessels have also been successfully completed by school and youth groups under the direction of professionals. Some smaller wooden boats can be built from kits that include vessel drawings, materials lists and most materials. Smaller vessels can be constructed in a garage or similarly sized workspace.
Types
There are various styles of wooden boats on United States waters. Small, open fishing boats are common, as well as fishing vessels with living facilities. Larger motor yachts have more luxurious accommodations. You may also see small wooden daysailers and larger cruising sailboats. Many existing wooden boats were built during the twentieth century, but newer designs have recently emerged. Smaller wooden boats are commonly built because they require limited construction space.
Boat Design
Wooden boats are built from drawings of specific types of vessels. You can work with a marine architect to create written drawings, or your builder can create his own plans from your sketches. Your builder will "loft" these plans by converting them to full-sized drawings. These drawings will be used as templates to cut wood used for hull construction. Plans are generally lofted on the floor, and include intricate curves and angles.
Construction Materials
Many wooden boats are built of marine plywood because it's easy to work with and has been specially treated for marine use. Mahogany, oak and teak are also popular. Besides wood, builders will need nails, screws and other hardware designed for high-moisture locations.
The nature of the boat will dictate other required materials. On larger boats, for example, builders may purchase materials and equipment for cooking and sleeping facilities.
Construction Methods
Wooden boat construction methods vary with the type of boat being built. Stitch and glue construction uses pre-cut and punched plywood sheets, plus copper wire and epoxy. Lapstrake construction involves overlapping planks fastened to a sculpted frame. And strip planking construction uses thin planks applied to a pre-assembled mold form.
When the hull is finished, interior bulkheads, electrical and plumbing systems are incorporated, if applicable. Finally, living accommodations are installed and finish work is completed.
Craftsmanship
Wooden boats are often known for fine craftsmanship and finish work. An example of this impeccable workmanship includes perfectly matched corners with no gaps or fills. A master shipwright can often carve a trim piece, and then varnish it until it gleams, using only his professional eye and experience. These and other valuable boat-building skills are taught at wooden boat schools across the United States.
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