The University of Maryland states that adults in the United States suffer from two to four colds a year while children can have up to 10. The common cold is defined by the Mayo Clinic as a viral infection of one of over 200 different viruses. The infection affects the upper respiratory tract, leading to symptoms in the head and chest. The common cold is usually harmless, but a person should talk with his doctor if the symptoms last more than two weeks, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Nasal Congestion
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease says that nasal congestion is a symptom of the common cold. Nasal congestion displays itself as clogged mucus in the nose, inflamed sinuses and a runny nose causing sneezing, according to the University of Maryland. Nasal congestion may lead to sinus pressure in the eyes, forehead or upper-teeth and is treated with over-the-counter decongestants, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Fever
Most colds are accompanied with a low-grade fever (a fever lower than 102 degrees F) and will fluctuate as the body fights off the viral infection, according to the Mayo Clinic. Fever may be treated with OTC pain relievers such as aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Motrin), according to the University of Maryland. The FDA advises that young children and teenagers avoid using aspirin; children with a fever above 102 should seek medical advice.
Cough
A cough is a common sign and symptom of a cold. A person may experience a constant cough due to irritation in the throat or he may have bouts of coughing to expel mucus in the back of the throat. Mucus can build up in the throat due to post-nasal drip, a condition where mucus drips down the throat constantly. When mucus is expelled from the throat, it will be thick and yellowish-green in color.
Fatigue
The University of Maryland states that a person may feel fatigued while fighting with a cold. Fatigue may affect your work performance and accomplished daily tasks. A person with the common cold should stay home and rest as much as possible, according to the Mayo Clinic. Getting at least eight hours of sleep a night will help the body's immune system ward off the virus.
Headache
Headaches are common when a person has a cold. A headache can be felt throughout the entire head or specific areas such as the forehead, the back of the neck and on top of the skull. If an individual develops severe headaches, she should consult a medical professional.
