As of 2010, the Alzheimer's Association estimates that 5.3 million people in the United States have Alzheimer's disease, the most frequent cause of irreversible dementia. Although dementia is less common in early old age, the likelihood of a diagnosis rises considerably later in life. The Alzheimer's Association notes that female family members are the primary care providers for the majority of early stage dementia patients.
Caregiving
Caregiving is a challenging job that takes a toll on the health and financial well-being of the person responsible for care. Evidence suggests a strong support system for the caregiver benefits the patient as well. A study supported in part by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, found that dementia patients who lived with their care provider were 2.8 times more likely to receive specialty care. However, care providers who were dissatisfied with their role, or whose patient had difficulty with self-care, were less likely to ensure an annual visit to a primary care physician.
Misconceptions
A common misconception is that once a person receives a diagnosis of dementia, nothing further can be done. While it is true that the more common forms of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, are incurable, prescription medications, cognitive training and other therapeutic interventions are frequently recommended as a way to optimize care, and in some cases delay progression of the disease.
Features
A strong social network, regular exercise and nutrition, and music and art therapies are important aspects of care that may slow memory loss. Studies continue to examine the efficacy of supplements and herbs to improve mental functioning. According to Lef.org, researchers at the University of California Riverside and Los Angeles found that a combination of vitamin D and curcumin, an active ingredient in the spice turmeric, may improve the body's ability to clear excess amyloid beta, a type of protein found to accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.
Costs
Many people mistakenly believe that Medicare health insurance will pay for long-term nursing care, but in fact most expenses for dementia care are paid by the individual out-of-pocket. Depending on the type of coverage purchased, some long-term care insurance policies may pay a portion of the care costs. Only when personal finances are exhausted will the government-sponsored Medicaid program pay for the cost of care.
Getting Help
Home health care agencies provide support services on an hourly basis when additional help is required. Depending on certifications and local licensing standards, nursing assistants, and practical or registered nurses may monitor vital signs and provide routine home medical care. The Department of Health and Human Services' Eldercare Locator provides information on local government agencies that offer caregiver support services (see Resources).
References
- Alzheimer's Association: Alzheimer's Facts and Figures
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Elderly/Long-Term Care
- Harvard School of Public Health: Active Social Life May Delay Memory Loss Among U.S. Elderly Population
- Life Extension: Vitamin D and curcumin could help rid the brain of Alzheimer's plaques
- "The 36 -Hour Day"; Nancy L. Mace, M.A., and Peter V. Rabins, M.D.; 1999
