People have traditionally used Glycyrrhiza glabra, more commonly known as licorice, for treating sore throats, bronchitis, stomach ulcers and chronic hepatitis. The component glycyrrhizin seems to cause the side effects associated with licorice root, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, and deglycyrrhizinated licorice root herbal remedies are available with this chemical removed. These products may be labeled "DGL." Some side effects can occur with moderate doses of licorice root containing glycyrrhizin, but the most serious effects generally only occur with high doses, according to the UMMC.
Muscle Effects
Some people develop muscle pain or numbness in their arms and legs when taking licorice root, as noted by the UMMC. This can occur even when ingesting average amounts of the supplement.
High Blood Pressure
Taking large amounts of licorice containing the glycyrrhizin component can result in high blood pressure, along with salt and fluid retention. High blood pressure means the heart must work harder to pump blood, and this condition can lead to heart disease or a heart attack. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine advises people with high blood pressure or heart disease to be cautious about using licorice.
Low Potassium
Taking licorice along with diuretics or other medications that decrease potassium blood levels can lead to dangerously low potassium levels, according to the NCCAM. Low potassium in the body, a condition known as hypokalemia, can cause muscle weakness and cramping, and severe cases can cause abnormal heart rhythms.
Hormonal Effect
Consuming large amounts of licorice root containing glycyrrhizin can cause pseudoaldosteronism, according to the UMMC. In this condition, the person becomes abnormally sensitive to an adrenal hormone. Pseudoaldosteronism can result in side effects of fatigue, headaches, fluid retention, high blood pressure and heart attack.
Pregnancy Considerations
The NCCAM warns that pregnant women should not use licorice as a supplement or even consume large amounts of it as food. Licorice containing glycyrrhizin may increase the risk of premature labor.
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