The spleen is a small organ that is part of the immune system, helping the body to fight off infections. The spleen can become enlarged, ruptured or affected by disease, all of which can cause symptoms. If the symptoms are severe, the spleen is sometimes removed. While it is not necessary to have a spleen, the body's ability to fight infection will be affected if it is removed.
Pain
Pain that occurs in the left upper portion of the stomach may be caused by an enlarged spleen, states the Mayo Clinic. This pain may tend to get worse when taking a deep breath. In some cases, the pain can radiate into the left shoulder area. The abdominal area may be tender to the touch, and there may be a bloated feeling after eating. An enlarged spleen can be caused by an infection, cancer or other disease.
Dizziness
Abdominal pain that is accompanied by dizziness, light-headedness or fainting spells may signal a ruptured spleen. These symptoms are caused by the internal bleeding that occurs after the spleen ruptures, which leads to a drop in blood pressure. A ruptured spleen requires immediate medical attention. According to Merck, a ruptured spleen can occur after a direct blow to the abdomen.
Fatigue
The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute notes that anemia can occur if there is a disease that affects the spleen that causes blood cells to be destroyed too fast. The primary symptom of anemia is fatigue, which may be accompanied by trouble breathing, headaches, pale skin and feeling cold. In some cases, anemia can become severe and cause heart disease and can even be life threatening.
Jaundice
Sickle cell disease, which causes abnormally shaped red blood cells, can also cause symptoms related to the spleen. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, with this condition the spleen is working overtime to destroy the damaged cells, and these irregularly shaped cells can pool in the spleen. As this occurs, the body does not get the blood and oxygen it needs, and the dying cells are not filtered out properly. This can lead to jaundice, or a yellowing of the skin, eyes and mouth.
