Johns Hopkins University indicates that there's a connection between oral health and cardiovascular health. This connection is more based on observation than scientific evidence. But cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease, atherosclerosis and stroke have been seen in people who have no other risk factors than periodontal disease, making it a potential independent risk.
Periodontal Disease
The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research characterizes periodontal disease as a grouping of disorders that lead to inflammation and infection of the gums, ligaments and tooth sockets as a result of plaque buildup. It's one of the main oral health problems that can affect the health of the heart, cautions Johns Hopkins Medicine. The plaque associated with these conditions does more than just coat your teeth; it contains bacteria that release toxins into the body.
Significance
Besides causing an inflammatory response in the gums, these bacterial toxins can enter the bloodstream. Though a direct scientific link is still lacking, Johns Hopkins explains that people suffering from periodontal disease tend to have higher LDL cholesterol levels as well as thicker arterial walls, which can contribute to atherosclerosis, a narrowing and hardening of the arteries. This increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure, elevating the risk of heart failure, heart attack and even stroke.
Risk Factors
Though anyone can develop a form of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis, some people are more likely than others. Diabetes, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, HIV/AIDS and cancer can contribute to the development of gum disease. Habits such as smoking or chewing tobacco can increase your risk of this oral health problem. Even stress and some prescription medications lead to periodontal disease, according to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.
Treatment
Daily oral hygiene is by far the most beneficial method of reducing cardiovascular issues as a result of periodontal disease. This includes brushing after every meal and flossing at least once a day. And make sure to swap out your toothbrush every three months. That said, regular dental exams and cleanings are also an important facet to oral health, so make an appointment with your dentist every six months.
Heart Disease
Heart disease associated with periodontal disease is treated much like any other form of heart disease. This includes prescription medications to lower cholesterol or blood pressure such as ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta blockers, fibrates, statins, niacin and other drugs. It may also require other lifestyle changes outside of dental health, including a well-balanced diet and exercise.
