Emotional issues, or problems, are generally linked to traumatic life events, chronic stress or not having basic needs met, especially in childhood. Reactions, such as sadness, anxiety, insomnia and confusion, may be triggered by memories or associated smells, sounds or situations. Reactions may seem irrational or out of proportion to present events. Addictions, decision-making problems and an inability to form healthy relationships may stem from unresolved childhood issues. Emotional issues can be worked through and resolved, with or without professional help.
Bullying
Children can be harmed by humiliation. Researchers at Royal Children's Hospital in Australia conducted a study to find out if bullying caused emotional problems in teenagers. More than 2,500 children were followed for three years. None of the children had emotional problems when the study began. Victimization, or bullying, during year one was associated with the development of depression and other symptoms by year three of the study, especially among girls. Recent bullying did not account for emotional problems, including depression, anxiety, loneliness and low self-esteem. The findings, published in the September 2001 issue of the "British Medical Journal," concluded that bullying occurred before emotional issues developed, the impact was seen over time and that reducing victimization can improve the well-being of young people.
Family of Origin Problems
Emotional trauma is more likely to be related to attachment issues and to be caused by neglect rather than abuse, according to the Santa Barbara Graduate Institute Center for Clinical Studies and Research. Bonding between mother and child that begins at birth has a profound effect on the infant's brain development and structure. Early separation, emotionally unavailable caretakers or illness can interfere with the attachment process and initiate insecurity. Many families struggle with addictions, depression or grief. Losses include divorce, serious illness or death. Living in a dangerous neighborhood or dealing with an alcoholic parent may also take a toll on emotional development. One effect of chronic stress and early trauma is vulnerability, so that children grow up less able to deal with stressful situations. When families need help, and they don't get it, the stage is set for emotional issues to arise.
Trauma
Violence, rape, war and natural disasters are known to create a set of emotional issues in victims known as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). According to the Help Guide website, PTSD is the most severe form of psychological trauma. People with PTSD may suffer from memories that take the form of nightmares or flashbacks. They may feel terrified in ordinary situations, be easily startled and live in a state of hyper-vigilance. The Help Guide website advises professional help be pursued if the effects of trauma interfere with daily activities, close relationships, or if alcohol or drug use has become a coping mechanism.
