4 Ways to Prevent Toxic Shock Syndrome

1. Monitor Tampon Time and Absorbency

Changing your tampon at least every 4 to 8 hours is one step you can take to prevent toxic shock syndrome. About half of all toxic shock syndrome (TSS) cases occur in women who are or have recently finished menstruating. Use the lowest possible tampon absorbency, as superabsorbent tampons boost TSS risk. Consider alternating sanitary napkins with tampons to reduce your risk. Do not use tampons for the first 12 weeks after having a baby. Women are at higher risk for TSS following childbirth.

2. Exercise Caution With Barrier Birth Control

If you use a diaphragm, cervical cap or contraceptive sponge, do not leave it in for more than 8 to 12 hours. Scrub your hands with soap before putting in or removing the contraceptive device. After each use, wash the diaphragm or cervical cap with mild soap, dry carefully and store in the case. For the first 12 weeks after you've given birth, choose birth control other than a barrier method to lower your chances of infection.

3. Practice Good Wound Care

To prevent wound-related toxic shock syndrome, keep all cuts, scrapes, burns, bites, punctures, sores and surgical incisions clean and dry. Sores from shingles or chickenpox also are subject to TSS, so watch them carefully. Note any signs of wound infection, including swelling, increased pain, red streaks or warmth around the wound, pus or drainage from the wound, fever, or swollen lymph glands under your arms, in your neck or around your groin. Alert your doctor if any of these symptoms occur.

4. Avoid Recurrence

Women who have had TSS should not use tampons or any barrier birth control method, including an IUD. If you have had TSS, note the symptoms so you can seek medical help immediately if any of the signs recur. People who have had TSS have an elevated risk of getting it again, for reasons scientists don't yet understand.