Dry and flaky skin is most commonly encountered on your limbs and abdomen, says the University of Maryland Medical Center, but can also be found on your scalp and other parts of your body. The causes are many, but a consultation with your dermatologist or doctor can help pinpoint your specific underlying health problem to identify the correct treatment for this uncomfortable and sometimes painful skin malady.
Dry Skin
Dry skin is one of the most common reasons for experiencing flaky skin. Your dry skin conditions may be caused by poor air humidity, especially during the winter when the air is drier, or by various heating or cooling appliances that suck the moisture out of the air. It may also be caused by excessive washing, according to the Mayo Clinic. The clinic suggests showering with warm water for less than 15 minutes, avoiding harsh soaps and rubbing on lotion after washing.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is the technical name for a chronic, autoimmune skin condition that results in patches of flaky, scaly skin and painful cracks, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians. It arises when your immune system mistakes your skin cells for a disease and attacks your skin. The academy says regular moisturizing can help soothe the symptoms, as does bathing in Epsom salts. Your dermatologist can also prescribe topical medications and shampoos to treat the disorder.
Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis, which is one form of eczema, is a skin disorder with symptoms that include dry, flaky and itchy skin and occasional patchy rashes on the limbs, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. It may be compounded by various problems, including dietary allergens like nuts or dairy, surface irritations like certain kinds of soaps or clothing fabric, and additional health factors like stress or bacterial infections. Treatments vary by the severity of the problem and your personal lifestyle, but may include antibiotics, topical ointments and prescription medications.
Diabetes Insipidus
Flaky, dry skin comprises a symptom of dehydration associated with diabetes insipidus, warns the National Institutes of Health. This health condition occurs when your kidneys can't retain water as they normally do, which limits their ability to filter your blood of toxins. Besides excessive skin dryness, you may also experience excessive thirst and a headache.
Thyroid Disorders
Your thyroid gland controls the production of oil and sweat on your skin's surface. A thyroid disorder, caused by malnutrition or a wide range of potential diseases or illnesses, may cause your oil and sweat glands to not work properly. This can cause flaky, dry skin that's not properly moisturized, according to the Mayo Clinic.
