Saliva, produced by salivary glands, has many functions. Most people associate saliva with eating and refer to delicious foods as "mouth watering." However, without eating a bite of food, saliva is already being produced and carrying out its everyday functions. According to the Mayo Clinic, 1 to 2 quarts of saliva is produced by the salivary glands every day. Also, according to CNN, saliva houses over 600 species of bacteria which thrive in the high moisture content.
Digestion
Salivary amylase, found only in the saliva, works only on carbohydrates by partially digesting them before they reach the stomach, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Lubrication
According to the National Library of Medicine, saliva provides lubrication for chewing and swallowing. Saliva is not completely necessary, but those who do not produce enough often have difficulties swallowing. By keeping the mouth lubricated, normal taste perception results and maximum enjoyment of food is possible.
Protection
Saliva helps maintain pH in the mouth and helps regulate plaque. Saliva is also full of anti-fungal and anti-viral systems, according to the National Library of Medicine. It can protect against potential carcinogens and neutralize acid in the esophagus. Saliva encourages soft tissue repair and can also help maintain tooth integrity with its antibacterial properties.
