Caffeine is a naturally occurring stimulant that is in many drinks and over-the-counter drugs and supplements. In moderation, caffeine usually does not have any negative effects. However, in high doses or in people who have a sensitivity to the drug, caffeine can cause a wide variety of symptoms. Among these are gastrointestinal problems.
Upset Stomach
Among the most common effects of caffeine on the GI tract is nausea. This may be more pronounced if you take caffeine on an empty stomach, as caffeine in doses of more than 100mg can stimulate the production of gastric acid and lead to stomach irritation, according to the University of Utah College of Pharmacy. Caffeine may also lead to more serious stomach problems. According to the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health at the University of Toronto, excess caffeine consumption in coffee can lead to stomach ulcers.
Diarrhea and Constipation
Caffeine can cause either diarrhea or constipation, depending on how much you consume, says Dr. Andrew Weil. When used in moderation, caffeine, especially in coffee, can act as a mild laxative and may induce diarrhea. But when used in excess, caffeine can interfere with the normal functioning of your bowels, leading to constipation, Weil says. The National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, or NDDIC, says caffeine's diuretic effect leads to dehydration, which in turn can cause or aggravate constipation.
Heartburn and GERD
Caffeine does not cause heartburn or the more serious condition of gastroesophageal reflux disease, but drinking beverages containing caffeine, such as soda or coffee, can worsen the symptoms, according to the NDDIC. Limiting your intake of caffeinated beverages or cutting them out entirely can help alleviate these problems.
References
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Heartburn, Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER), and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Constipation
- Dr. Andrew Weil: Constipation and Digestive Health
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health: Do You Know ... Caffeine?
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy: Caffeine
Member Comments