Fever is a common symptom of many conditions, including infections, thyroid problems, heat stroke and autoimmune diseases. While the cause of a fever might be serious, a fever in and of itself is usually not dangerous. However, fevers are uncomfortable. People often use over-the-counter remedies to treat a fever.
NSAIDs
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, or NSAIDs, are a popular remedy to treat a fever. There are dozens of NSAIDs, but one of the most commonly used is ibuprofen, also known as Motrin or Advil. The drug is safe for use by adults and children ages 6 months and older. It is available in both tablet and liquid form and can be given every six hours, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. NSAIDs work by decreasing the body's production of inflammatory chemicals that cause fevers. While the drugs are safe, they can cause irritation of the stomach lining, bleeding ulcers and kidney problems when taken for several weeks.
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen, also known as Tylenol, is another popular remedy to treat a fever. Like ibuprofen, it is available in liquid and tablet form. It is safe for adults and children of all ages. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, it can be dosed up to every four hours, for a maximum of five doses in 24 hours. Acetaminophen is a common ingredient in many cough and cold remedies. It is important to avoid taking two different medications that both contain acetaminophen, which can lead to an accidental overdose. Overdoses of acetaminophen can cause life-threatening liver failure.
Dangerous Remedies
Some people use alcohol sponge baths to rapidly cool the skin. Alcohol can be absorbed through the skin and might cause serious problems, especially in young children. If a child has a fever, use lukewarm water sponge baths instead of alcohol. Since the point of the sponge bath is to make the child more comfortable, parents should stop if it upsets the child more than it calms her. Aspirin can also be dangerous in young children. Though safe for adults, according to the Principles and Practice of Infectious Disease, aspirin rarely can lead to a serious brain disease called Reye's syndrome in children. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen are safer choices.
References
- "Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th ed."; Gerald L. Mandell, MD, MACP; 2010
- American Academy of Pediatrics: Medications Used to Treat Fever
