1. Look for Pink or Red Skin
In second-degree burns, both the outer layer (epidermis) and at least a portion of the dermis (the second layer of skin) are burned. This type of burn is also identified as a partial thickness burn. One of the first indicators of a second-degree burn is an intensely bright pink or cherry red, blotchy area of skin. It will also be blistered. Fluid loss through the blisters may give the skin a wet or moist appearance. As with a first-degree burn, the skin may blanch with light pressure.
2. Assess the Pain Level
Severe pain is another way to identify second-degree burns. Second-degree burns are further defined as superficial or deep. The amount of pain is related to the involvement of the nerve endings that are within the burn area. Because the second-degree burn involves both the first and second layer of skin, it touches highly sensitive pain receptors. The pain may be so intense that a prescription medication may be required for relief of symptoms.
3. Check for Shock
Second-degree burns may involve shock. Loss of fluids (such as through oozing blisters) can cause a drop in blood pressure. Once the blood pressure drops, possible symptoms include rapid pulse, pale skin, nausea, fainting and general weakness. If shock is identified, it must be treated immediately while waiting for emergency personnel.
4. Seek Emergency Care
Upon reaching the emergency room, your doctor will do an assessment to identify the depth of the burn and the amount of tissue that is affected. The severity of a second-degree burn is determined by the amount of body surface area (BSA) that is affected. A second-degree burn can be classified as minor, moderate or critical. An immediate medical emergency is indicated if the burn is on the face or genitals, or if it is caused by an electrical shock.
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