Define Obesity In Children

Calorie-packed snacks, too much screen time and sugar-filled drinks could be almost as harmful to your child as tobacco. Globally, obesity is one of the top 10 preventable health risks, according to the World Health Organization. In the U.S., data from the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicate that about 17 percent of children and teens are obese.

Identification

Your child's body mass index percentile determines his obesity status. BMI is a number that indicates the amount of body fat an individual has. An accurate height and weight, along with an online BMI calculator, are all you need to obtain your child's BMI. To find the percentile, you can either plot the BMI results on a BMI-for-age growth chart or use a BMI percentile calculator. Both the charts and the percentile calculator are provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A result of 95 percent or above indicates your child is overweight.

Misconceptions

The American Academy of Pediatrics describes common misconceptions about childhood obesity. One is the temptation to think a child is just "big boned" or will "grow into the extra weight." Another is the tendency for parents and children to blame themselves. In reality, dozens of powerful factors contribute to obesity, and combating these factors can be difficult. Guilt and rationalization about obesity can result in a child being denied needed education and emotional support.

Effects

Obesity affects children physically and emotionally. The risk of developing medical conditions such as high blood pressure, Type II diabetes, depression and orthopedic problems are all increased. Girls are also more likely to experience hormonal abnormalities, early-onset puberty and polycystic ovaries. However, the consequence that children notice soonest, according to the surgeon general, is social discrimination. A 2003 study at the University of California-San Diego School of Medicine concluded that the "quality of life" scores of severely obese children were as low as those of children diagnosed with cancer.

Causes

Behavioral, environmental and genetic risk factors contribute to a child becoming obese. Excessive intake of calories and a sedentary lifestyle are common culprits. Hectic days create the need for convenient foods and convenient pastimes. Foods that require little or no preparation are often also high in calories, and online activities and video games are portable and easily accessible. Fresh fruits and vegetables aren't always available and can take longer to prepare. Many neighborhoods don't have a safe place for active outdoor play. Additionally, some families are more prone to weight gain.

Prevention/Solution

Avoid fad diets and potentially dangerous weight-loss trends. Examine family eating habits, and eliminate grazing between meals. Replace high-calorie snack foods and sugar-filled beverages with fresh fruits and water. Increase "sit down" family meals, and develop a structured eating schedule. Help your child create a list of enjoyable activities to try. These don't have to be competitive sports. Walking, bike riding and a game of hide-and-seek are all ways to increase activity. In addition, build a support system for your child to help him make these changes. Potential sources are local community clubs, your child's health care provider, area support groups and online information networks.