Asthma is a disease of the lungs in which the airways narrow. This causes shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute reports that 22 million persons are affected by asthma in the United States, 6 million of whom are children. Asthma sufferers need to become aware of the triggers that exacerbate their asthma symptoms. Most of them are avoidable.
Heredity
The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute reports that persons with a genetic tendency or with parents with asthma have a higher chance of having asthma. Since asthma is hereditary, this tendency cannot be changed. Exposure to other triggers or causes of asthma can be changed. According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the cause of asthma is not known, though it is thought that genes and en vironmental triggers lead to asthma.
Infections
Some persons have an asthma exacerbation during an illness. Having a respiratory infection may increase the chance for having an asthma episode. A doctor may order medications to prevent an exacerbation of for persons that are already diagnosed with asthma.
Allergens
Various allergens can precipitate an asthma episode. Some common ones include pollen, dust, cockroach droppings, mold and pet dander. Many persons with allergies also have asthma. Those who are aware of an allergen that exacerbates their symptoms should avoid the allergen. During hay fever season, if the person affected has a pollen allergy, sometimes a doctor will order preventive medication.
Chemical Irritants
Some irritants at home or at work can exacerbate asthma. Some examples include perfumes, cleaning fluids, chemical sprays and paint. Protective measures should be taken when using certain materials; manufacturer's guidelines for protection and ventilation should be heeded.
Emotions and Activity
Some persons experience asthma symptoms in the midst of an emotional response such as anxiety, fear or excitement. Other people experience asthma symptoms during strenuous activity. A doctor may formulate an asthma action plan in order to prevent an asthma attack.
Weather
Asthma can be exacerbated in some persons by very hot and humid weather. Others may be affected during very cold or windy weather. Asthma patients need to take care to stay cool during hot weather and to dress appropriately, cover the neck and not stay out in extreme weather for prolonged periods.
