Asbestosis is a lung disorder that occurs when tiny asbestos fibers are breathed into the lungs, collecting there and scarring the lung tissue. Over time, this scarring harms the lungs' ability to exchange gases, which can lead to difficulty breathing. Complications include cancer and pulmonary hypertension. While no cure exists, several treatments are used to improve asbestosis symptoms.
Respiratory Therapy
A variety of respiratory therapy techniques may be utilized by people with asbestosis. A humidifier may be helpful. The patient may be taught methods to increase his bronchial drainage, and a respiratory therapist may perform mechanical vibration, chest percussion and postural drainage to facilitate breathing. Rarely, a physician will drain fluid from the lungs in an effort to improve breathing ability.
Bronchodilators
Drugs typically used for asthma patients are sometimes prescribed for people with asbestosis. Called bronchodilators, these medications may be taken orally or though an inhaler. Another route for breathing medication is via an aerosol treatment, which may be administered by a respiratory therapist, nurse or the patient after training.
Oxygen
The Mayo Clinic explains that oxygen may be prescribed for asbestosis patients who are having difficulty breathing. It is usually given as needed, though some patients with severe asbestosis require continuous oxygen.
Mild Pain Relievers
Another common treatment for asbestosis is an over-the-counter pain reliever for pain in the chest area. Acetaminophen and ibuprofen, taken as needed, are popular choices for management of this pain.
Influenza and Pneumonia Vaccines
When the lungs are jeopardized by asbestosis, it is important to avoid contracting an additional respiratory illness. A pneumonia and a yearly influenza vaccine are usually recommended, as well as avoiding contagious people and wintertime crowds. Colds and flu should be promptly reported to the physician for treatment.
Smoking Cessation
It is imperative that someone with asbestosis not smoke tobacco in order to avoid further lung damage. The physician will prescribe smoking cessation medications or methods to facilitate this.
Lung Transplant
The National Institutes of Health relates that some patients with severe asbestosis may be candidates for a lung transplant. One or both lungs may be replaced, requiring patients to take anti-rejection medications for the rest of their lives.
