1. Watch for Impaired Coordination and Muscle Weakness
Issues with balance and coordination are usually the first symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia that you'll notice. You may have trouble walking and controlling your arm and leg movements. Friedreich's ataxia is a disease that is inherited, and leads to a degeneration of the myelin that surrounds your nerves. Myelin is like insulation and helps your nerves conduct impulses. When this outer covering wears down, your nerves aren't able to send messages as easily. As a result, your movements will look clumsy instead of smooth. You may begin to slur your speech and speak slower as well. Over time, your muscles will start to weaken as a result of the nerve damage you've sustained.
2. Assess Vision and Hearing Difficulties
Vision and hearing loss is not unusual in patients with Friedreich's ataxia. Up to 10 percent of all people who have this disorder experience aural symptoms. People who experience visual symptoms often notice changes in their color vision, as well as some loss of overall sight.
3. Recognize Orthopedic Problems
Many people who have Friedreich's ataxia develop scoliosis, a curvature of the spine, as a result of the damage to their nerves and muscles. Hammertoes and clubfeet, conditions in which your toes or feet bend inward or downward, are also common. These symptoms can often be corrected with braces and surgery if necessary.
4. Pay Attention to Heart Disease and Other Medical Issues
Heart disease is one of the most serious complications related to Friedreich's ataxia. Rhythm disorders like tachycardia (a rapid heartbeat) are common. Cardiomyopathy, an enlargement of the heart, is also a common symptom of this form of ataxia. Routine monitoring of your heart function can help keep cardiac complications under control and reduce the risk of cardiac arrest or even death.
Diabetes is another medical condition that is common in people who have Friedreich's ataxia. Your doctor will most likely test your blood-sugar levels periodically in order to make sure you're in the best possible health at this stage of your life.
