Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain. According to the Mayo Clinic, the condition occurs when the plantar fascia, which connects the heel to the toes, becomes inflamed. This occurs because of overuse of the foot. People who have an occupation in which they are up on their feet for long periods of time, athletes, and obese people are at risk for this condition.
Rest
The prevalence of plantar fasciitis is higher in those who do activities that put stress on their feet. It is important that persons with this condition limit being on their feet to promote healing. Any activity that promotes stress in the foot area should be limited. You may find resting difficult if you are used to being up on your feet, though, this is an important measure to precipitate the healing process of the plantar fascia. The American Academy of Orthopaedic surgeons recommends icing the area for 20 minutes three or four times a day to help with the pain and inflammation.
Exercise and Physical Therapy
Excercises can be performed to stretch the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia. The American Academy of Ortopaedic Surgeons recommends some on their website though you should check with your doctor to find out what exercises are right for you. Physical therapy may be indicated for some persons. The goal of therapy would be to strengthen muscles in the leg. This can help with minimizing pain and stabilizing the heel and leg, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Splinting and Taping
Your doctor may order night splints to lengthen the area. The Mayo Clinic reports that the splint can hold the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon in a lengthened position overnight so that they can be stretched. Sometimes, a physician may recommend taping of the area.
Orthotics and Footwear
Orthotics are custom-fitted arch supports. Depending on your condition, your doctor might order orthotics. Wearing well fitting, comfortable and supportive shoes is important in the prevention and management of plantar fasciitis.
Medications and Other Therapies
Depending on your condition, your doctor may order medication to assist with the symptoms of plantar fasciitis. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are available to minimize the pain and inflammation. According to the Mayo Clinic, corticosteroids can also be administered via injection or through iontophoresis. This is when medication is applied to the skin and absorption is facilitated through an electric current. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy or surgery is used in more severe cases.
